NHTSA said it had opened its preliminary evaluation after two crashes involving the self-driving technology unit's vehicles equipped with the Zoox Automated Driving System that resulted in minor injuries to motorcyclists and started a probe into 500 Zoox robotaxis, NHTSA said on Monday.
Each incident involved a Toyota Highlander equipped with the Zoox automated driving system. Zoox did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
In March, Zoox said it was expanding its vehicle testing in California and Nevada to include a wider area, higher speeds and nighttime driving, as it competes with Alphabet's Waymo robotaxis. Amazon acquired Zoox in 2020 for USD 1.3 billion.
NHTSA said both crashes occurred during daytime lighting conditions and within the operational design limits of the Zoox system. NHTSA said its initial investigation confirmed "each of the Zoox vehicles was operating with the ADS engaged in the moments leading up to each collision."
The investigation will evaluate the Zoox Automated Driving System performance particularly relating to the collisions as well as "the behavior in crosswalks around vulnerable road users, and in other similar rear-end collision scenarios."
NHTSA in March 2023 opened a probe into the self-certification by Zoox in 2022 of a robotaxi without traditional driving controls.
The investigation, which is pending, is to determine whether the Zoox "certification basis depended upon unilaterally developed test procedures or determinations that certain standards were inapplicable due to the unique configuration of the vehicle."
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